According to Dutch researchers, birth control pills and menopause hormone supplements may lead to protein deposits in urine, which in turn may result in increased kidney and heart disease risk. A study of 4,301 Dutch women revealed that estrogen-based products may double the risk of developing urinary protein deposits, a condition known as microalbuminuria. Women who smoke or have high blood pressure are at greatest risk. U.S. doctors call the results "provocative" but insist that more research should be conducted.